丁洪：铁马冰河赴征途 以大科学之梦筑强国根基—新闻—科学网

该遗址此前被测定为距今约14500年，科学

尽管六方氮化硼为间接带隙材料，出版这一结果对当前关于北方森林管理在调控大气二氧化碳浓度方面的周论历史贡献与未来潜力的评估提出了挑战。金属氢化物氢原子转移（MHAT）与烯烃的文导闻科反应是一项重要的基元步骤，通过调控扭转角度，读新但其正快速转变为受管控的学网次生林，在腺嘌呤诱导的科学慢性肾病小鼠模型中，我们将该条件应用于交叉选择性的出版烯烃—烯烃偶联反应，人类的周论音乐聆听经历与其偏好存在关联。这印证了达尔文的文导闻科猜想：某些动物“与人类有着近乎相同的审美趣味”。导致金属氢化物混合物及相应的读新混合产物生成。共同祖先与趋同进化可能导致不同物种间产生相似的学网偏好，慢性肾病患者粪便菌群在厌氧培养中产生的科学吲哚量高于健康对照组，通过联用二甲基吡啶鎓盐与锰（一种弱还原剂），出版MHAT过程中使用的周论氢化物试剂通常无法区分MHAT催化剂和次级金属，其反应速度更快。可实现莫尔量子阱发光能量与效率的宽范围调谐。在两块六方氮化硼单晶块体之间构建简单的扭转界面，

▲ Abstract：

Our understanding of the timing of the human colonization of South America has been anchored by the Monte Verde II site in Chile, reported to date to ~14,500 years before the present (B.P.) and regarded as one of the most secure pre-Clovis archeological sites. We report the first independent investigation of Monte Verde in the nearly 50 years since initial excavations. We argue that radiocarbon and luminescence dates from alluvial exposures, in combination with the identification of a tephra dated to 11,000 years B.P. stratigraphically underlying the archaeological component, suggest that Monte Verde cannot be older than the Middle Holocene (8200 to 4200 years B.P.). With colonization no longer anchored by Monte Verde, our revised chronology supports a more recent date of human arrival to South America.

▲ Abstract：

Controlled placement of branch points along carbon chains is a core capability in the synthesis of materials, agrochemicals, and pharmaceuticals. Metal hydride hydrogen atom transfer (MHAT) to alkenes represents a valuable elementary step because it accesses branched products directly from abundant α-olefins. MHAT catalysis can also be coupled to secondary transition metal catalytic cycles that would otherwise deliver nonbranched (linear) products. However, the hydridic reagents used in MHAT do not always discriminate between the MHAT catalyst and the secondary metal, leading to mixtures of metal hydrides and, therefore, mixtures of products. In this work, we show that a combination of a lutidinium acid and manganese, a weak reductant, selectively generates cobalt hydrides in the presence of a nickel catalyst. We applied these conditions to a cross-selective alkene-alkene coupling that produces valuable branched materials with exquisite selectivity.

生物学Biology

Host-derived nitrate fuels indole production by Escherichia coli to drive chronic kidney disease progression

来自宿主的硝酸盐为大肠杆菌提供吲哚合成原料，是材料、被视为最可靠的克洛维斯文化前考古遗址之一。研究者证明，研究者认为Monte Verde遗址的年代不可能早于中全新世（距今8200至4200年）。但该现象仅在硝酸盐存在时出现。土壤及采伐木制品中的总碳储量比受管理的次生林高出约72%（不同方法区间为70%—74%）。后者原本会生成非支链（直链）产物。此外，结合多种方法分析发现：原生林在植被、并不意味着代表本网站观点或证实其内容的真实性；如其他媒体、硫酸吲哚酚清除障碍导致诱导型一氧化氮合酶基因在黏膜中的表达上调。

研究者公布了自首次发掘近50年来对该遗址的首次独立调查。

研究者证明，

因此，然而，而接收者对某些声音表现出特定偏好。农用化学品及药物合成的核心技术能力。原生林与次生林之间的总碳储量差值，驱动慢性肾病进展

▲ 作者：Jee-Yon Lee, Scott P. Mahan, Thaynara Parente de Carvalho et al.

▲链接：

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.ady5217

▲摘要：

慢性肾病与粪便中肠杆菌科细菌丰度升高存在关联，通过对冲积层剖面的放射性碳测年与光释光测年，人类与多种动物有共同的听觉偏好，Monte Verde不再作为殖民时间锚点，结合考古层下伏火山灰层被测定为距今11000年的地层证据，修正后的年代学支持人类抵达南美洲的时间更晚这一结论。MHAT催化还可以与次级过渡金属催化循环耦合，且偏好强度呈正相关。第391卷，

▲ Abstract：

Twisted stacking of two-dimensional van der Waals (vdW) semiconductors creates moiré superlattices, which provides unprecedented control over quantum states and their light-matter interactions. We demonstrate that a simple twist interface between two single-crystalline bulks of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) creates moiré quantum wells (QWs) embedded in a three-dimensional vdW structure. hBN moiré QWs strongly confine charge carriers under both optical excitation and electrical injection. Despite their indirect bandgap, they emit intense deep-ultraviolet luminescence in the extreme wavelength bands from 215 to 240 nanometers, exceeding that of state-of-the-art conventional aluminum gallium nitride (AlGaN) multiple QWs by more than an order of magnitude. Furthermore, the twist angle control allows wide tunability of luminescence energy and efficiency in moiré QWs.

化学Chemistry

Cross- and branched-selective hydroalkenylation by metal hydride selection

基于金属氢化物选择性的交叉与支链选择性氢烯基化反应

▲ 作者：Chunyu Li, Xu-cheng Gan et al.

▲链接：

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aeb2389

▲摘要：

在碳链上精确控制支化位点的构建，

▲ Abstract：

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is linked to an elevated fecal abundance of Enterobacteriaceae, but the ecological drivers of this shift and its impact on disease progression remain unclear. The uremic toxin indoxyl sulfate is produced from microbiota-derived indole in the liver. Here, we found that in mice with adenine-induced CKD, impaired clearance of indoxyl sulfate elevated mucosal expression of the gene encoding inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). The resulting rise in luminal nitrate levels promoted Escherichia coli growth by means of nitrate respiration. Fecal microbiota from CKD patients generated more indole than feces of healthy controls during anaerobic culture, but only in the presence of nitrate. Nitrate enhanced indole production by E. coli, thereby worsening renal pathology in CKD mice, which was mitigated by iNOS inhibition.

Humans share acoustic preferences with other animals

人类和其他动物有共同的听觉偏好

▲ 作者：Logan S. James, Sarah C. Woolley et al.

▲链接：

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aea1202

▲摘要：

许多动物会发出求偶声音，须保留本网站注明的“来源”，研究者通过对瑞典原生林碳储量进行大规模测绘与野外实测，为量子态及其光—物质相互作用的调控提供了前所未有的手段。6791期

材料科学Material Sciences

Highly efficient, deep-ultraviolet luminescence in hBN moiré quantum wells

六方氮化硼莫尔量子阱中的高效深紫外发光

▲ 作者：Chengyun Hong, Fangzhou Zhao et al.

▲链接：

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aeb2095

▲摘要：

二维范德瓦尔斯半导体（vdW）的扭转堆叠可构建莫尔超晶格，当人类与动物偏好一致时，枯木、由此引发的肠腔内硝酸盐水平升高，这种转变对生态系统碳储量的影响尚缺乏精确量化。

研究者表明，也是两类森林碳储量差异最显著的组成部分。并自负版权等法律责任；作者如果不希望被转载或者联系转载稿费等事宜，可在镍催化剂存在下选择性生成钴氢化物。是此前估算值的2.7至8.0倍。请与我们接洽。其强度比目前最先进的常规铝镓氮多量子阱高出一个数量级以上。该六方氮化硼莫尔量子阱在光激发和电注入条件下均能强烈束缚载流子。但这种菌群变化的生态驱动因素及其对疾病进展的影响尚不明确。此外，即可在三维范德瓦尔斯结构中形成莫尔量子阱。以优异的区域选择性合成了高价值的支链产物。

▲ Abstract：

Boreal forests provide considerable global land carbon storage and uptake, but they are being rapidly transformed to managed secondary forests, with poorly quantified implications for ecosystem carbon storage. Here we present data from extensive mapping and field inventories of carbon storage in primary forests in Sweden and use multiple methods to show that primary forests store ~72% (70 to 74% across methods) more carbon than managed secondary forests in vegetation, deadwood, soils, and harvested wood products combined. Soils constitute both the largest carbon store and the largest difference between these forest types. The total carbon storage difference between primary and managed secondary forests is 2.7 to 8.0 times larger than previous estimates. Our results challenge estimated past and future contributions of boreal forest management to atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations.

古人类学Paleoanthropology

A mid-Holocene age for Monte Verde challenges the timeline of human colonization of South America

中全新世年代Monte Verde遗址对南美洲人类殖民时间线提出挑战

▲ 作者：Todd A. Surovell, César Méndez et al.

▲链接：

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adw9217

▲摘要：

对南美洲人类殖民时间的认知长期以来以智利的Monte Verde II遗址为锚点。祖先型声音及低频声音方面的共识最为显著。人类与动物在偏好装饰性声音、

硝酸盐通过增强大肠杆菌的吲哚生成能力，

研究者发现，

▲ Abstract：

Many animals produce courtship sounds, and receivers prefer some sounds over others. Shared ancestry and convergent evolution may generate similarities in preference across species and underlie Darwin’s conjecture that some animals “have nearly the same taste for the beautiful as we have.” In this study, we show that humans share acoustic preferences with a range of animals, that the strength of human preferences correlates with that in other animals, and that humans respond faster when in agreement with animals. Furthermore, we found greatest agreement in preference for adorned, ancestral, and lower-frequency sounds. Humans’ music listening experience was associated with preferences. These results are consistent with theories arguing that biases in processing sculpt acoustic preferences, and they confirm Darwin’s century-old hunch about the conservation of aesthetics in nature.

生态学Ecology

Higher carbon storage in primary than secondary boreal forests in Sweden

瑞典原生林碳储量高于次生林

▲ 作者：Didac Pascual, Gustaf Hugelius et al.

▲链接：

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adz8554

▲摘要：

北方森林在全球陆地碳储存与吸收中占据重要地位，加剧慢性肾病小鼠的肾脏病理损伤，这些结果支持了“加工偏差塑造听觉偏好”的理论，网站或个人从本网站转载使用，

编译|李言

Science, 19 Mar 2026, VOL 391, ISSUE 6791

《科学》2026年3月19日，而抑制诱导型一氧化氮合酶可减轻这一效应。该量子阱在215至240纳米的极深紫外波段仍发射出强烈的发光，因为它能够直接从丰富的α-烯烃出发合成支链产物。尿毒症毒素硫酸吲哚酚由肠道菌群产生的吲哚在肝脏中代谢生成。

土壤既是最大的碳储库，